Escapement mechanism for typewriters



Dec. 10, 11929. a. z. GOLDENBERG 1,738,950

ESCAPEMENT MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed Sept. 21, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet l nap Bea L Z1 o n7 ajfggenjef ATTU RN Ev- W, W, 1929 B. 2. GOLDENBERG 197389950 ESCAPEMENT MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed Sept. 21, 1927 4 sheets sheet 2 "mam-N- Dec. 1d, 1929.

B. z. GOLDENBERG 1,738,950 ESCAPEMENT MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed Sept. 21, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTD R= 2 21 091- ajanjwy ATru RNEY- Dec. 10, 1929.

B. 2. GOLDENBERG 1,738,950

ESCAPEMENT MECHANISM FOR TYPEWRITERS Filed Sept. 21, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTD Zen 32 0% 60 7 ill to these existing elements.

Patented Dec. 10. 1 929- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE BEN ZION GOLDEITBERG, OE ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT, .A SSIGNORTO RHEINISG'EE METALL- "WAAIREN- UNI) MASCHINENFAIBBIK, OF DUSSELDORF-DERENDOBF, GERMANY, K

CORPORATION 01! GERMANY ESGAPEMIENT MECHANISM FOR TYPEWBITERS Application filed September 21, 1527, Serial Io. 220,987, and in Germany September 25, 1926.

The subject-matter the invention is to be employed in and adapted with, is a type writing machine of the kind in which the type carrying members carry several systems of types for different languages the writing directions of which are opposite to one another, as this is the case for instance with the characters of the English language and with.

the paper roller and carriage, which is caused by the pull of the feed-spring, takes-place one time in one and at another time in the opposite direction.

Now my invention consists in certain novel features and devices on the machine which comply with these requirements in a simple manner, and, further, in the fact that certain stages and adjustments take place automati cally and positively for the one or the other system of characters in dependence on the adjustment of the co-operating main elements of the machine, viz of thepaper roller and the type bars.

In order to realize the object so outlined, the elements and. gears in consideration, as they are present in the existing kinds of Writing machines having one system of characters only, are not altered as to their number and operation, while the required supplemental elements and d'evices'are attached organically ,With these leading points in view, my in vention provides in the first instance that one and the same carriage feed spring constitutes the source of power to shift the carriage both from left'to right'and from ri ht to left, without the direction of pull of t is spring being changed. This is enabled by a reversing mechanism described hereinafter in detail and consisting, briefly, in a reversing pulley for the pull member attached to the feed spring the support of which pulley one time is fast on the carriage and thus takes part in the motions of the latter and does not act as a pulley, and at another time is fixed on the frame of the machine'so that now the alley becomes operative and reverses the irec'tion of the pull acting upon the carriage.

A suitable construction of the individual parts in consideration results in the fact that when passing over from one to the other system of characters said pulley is automatically fixed to the machine frame and released again, respectively. Further, the configuration and dimensions of the elements operative in these stages are such as to cause the reversions and adjustments to take place only if a passage from the range of one system of characters is to be executed, but not if only a passage is made within one and the same system from one kind of characters to the other, for instance from small to capital characters.

Furthermore, in carrying out the idea of my invention one and the same locking device producing the stepwise release and stoppage of the feed motion of the carriage is used the locking wheel of which rotates always in the same direction as well for the system with the one and also for that with the opposite writing direction. This possibility is obtained for instance by arranging two locking rack bars interconnected at a fixed mutual distance and which are brought into mesh with said wheel selectively on one side or on the diametrically opposite side thereof. Means are further provided for causing the engagement of the one or other rack bar to take place automatically iiiand only if--a passage from one to the other system of characters takes place. j

With type writing machines of the kind leve-r branching off automatically toget out in its two parts, however,

. tem of charactersfor which, as in stated a return motion by hand of the carriage must be possible against the feed pull, as this is possible in every normal one s stem machine in one direction. With or inary 5 machines the device for returning the car- In'this mannerthus a line spacing angular motion of the paper roller by an angle corresponding to the space of a line is effected or with the return motion initiated by said hand lever. With type writing machines carrying two systems of characters and in which the return motion of the. carriage has to be executed one time 20 in one directlon and at another time in the opposite one, the mentioned return and line spacing lever mechanism could be provided for on each side of the carirage, that means in duplicate. The invention hitherto pointed is completed by its fundamental idea being extended also to the line spacing mechanism, in so far as one and the same member, namely a suitably constructed and operated line spacing lever is used in both cases, that is to return the carriage from left to right and vice-versa, which lever each time influences at the same time the line spacing gear of the paper roller in the same direction and in such a manner that the paper roller is rocked one line space.

e construction and function of the elements entering into consideration for my in vention is described in the following on the sheets of drawings by way-of example in connection'with a type writing machine.

This machine carries on the one nd a systhe English writing, the carriage feed motion must takeplace from right to left, which characters are so arranged on the-type bars in two rows (small and capital letters) that their types strike the paper in a lower or, more exactly, in two lower positions of the paper roller. On the other hand, the type bars of the machine hereinafter described carry another system of characters in two rows (small and capital characters) for which the opposite direction of feed motion of the carrlage is required. If the characters of this second system are to strike the paper, the

roller must be lifted with its support, so that it arrives in the range of these two rows of'other characters. i

' This construction-of the machine thus reno quires for theleft to right-characters that theabove-mentioned reversing pulle support positivel abuts on its rest on t e car- -"r1a'ge, whilst or the right toleft-characters tlis ulley support must be fixed on the frame u o e machma. This condition also is the based by embodiment 'of the several base for the construction and operation of the illustrated other devices and arrangements mentioned in the foregoing general explanations. Of course, the devices and operations may also be employed with machines kinematic inversion on the opposite fundamental condition, without deviating from the spirit of my invention.

The drawings which accompany and form part of this specification, show a preferred subject-matters of my invention. In these drawings:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary rear view of the mechanism reversing the feed motion of the carriage,

Fig. 1' is a detail thereof,

Fig. 2 is a side view of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary top view of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a detail of a part also seen in Fig. 2,

Figs. 5 to 10 are further details,

Figs. 11 and 12 are fragmentar side and front views showing the means or reversing the carriage feed controlling device,

Figs. 13 to 16 show the main elements of the line spacing mechanism, in which:

Fig. 13 is a front view; Fig. 14 a side view; Fig. 15 a top view; and Fig. 16 a top view of a detail thereof.

Fi 17 is a cross-section of the platen in the first upper case position showing the su- The carriage 1, Figs. 1 and 2, haslateral cheeks 1*, and runs on balls or rollers in the frame 2 of the machine. The power required for the longitudinal feed motion of carriage 1 is delivered by an actuating spring lodged in the spring casing 3. This casing forms a drum on which one end of the pulling means, viz of a cord 4, is fixed and wound up. The other end of cord 4 is attached to the arm 5 of the carriage, see Figs. 1 and 3,'this arm being integral with the carriage or fixed thereon for instance by screw pins 6 and 7. Besides arm 5 carries two horizontal legs 8 and 9, Figs. 5 and 6, the lower, 8, being slottedto allow of the cord 4 to pass through. The spring tends to rotate the casing 3 in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1. The cord 4 is laid over a pulley 1O resting in a support 11. The latter is drawn by the pull of cord 4 againstthe' free ends of the legs 8 and 9 and positively abuts in this manner on its abutment formed by arm 5, as illustrated,

Fig. 1. The support 11 is secured in this po- The pull of the feed spring now produces a feed motion of the carnage 1 in a direction as required e. g. for the writing order of the German or Roman characters. As Fig. 1 is a rear view of the machine, the spring pull appears inversely, that is directed toward the right. Of course the actual pull, however, causes a feed motion of the carriage from right to left.

Characters 'of a writing direction opposite to that of the German or Roman writing, that is from right to left, such as the Turkish characters, require the pull exerted on the carriage-1 by cord 4 to'take place inversely. To obtain the reversal of the pull required to this end, the support 11 with pulley 10 is now disconnected from carriage 1 and fixed on the machine frame 2. The pulley then acts as reversing pulley for the cord 4. The support 11 is fastened on the machine frame by means of its eye 17 co-operatin with an edge 18 of a slide 19 arranged on t e outer side of the frame. Slide 19 is secured on the frame by slot and pin connection 22, 23 so as to be shifted vertically within certain limits. The length of the legs 8 and 9 is so chosen that the hole of eye 17 is exactly above the edge 18 of slide 19, if the carriage 1 assumes its righthand end position, see left-hand end position, as indicated by dash and dot lines in Fig. 1. If the carriage 1 is shifted from this position to right-hand end position, as this is the case in typing, when a new line is fed, then the eye has taken a position in which it is in the range of edge 18 of slide 19 so that edge 18 may engage eye 17. Slide 19 is under the lifting action of a spring 24, see Fig. 1. Eye 17 and edge 18 of slide 19 have co-operating sloped faces 27, 28, as shown, Fig. 1, the edge 18 thus engaging automatically eye 17, if the. carriage 1 at the end of its motion towards slide 19 strikes the latter, in spite of its being lifted by spring 24, see Fig.1". The locking of the support 11 with the frame 2v and therewith the change of fixation of the reversing pulley 10 from carriagel to stationary frame 2, and the reversion of the spring pull acting upon carriage '1 thus take place automatically.

If, inversely, the pulley, now fixed on the machine frame 2 is to be assembled anew with the legs 8, 90f the carriage, the locking members, viz edge 18 and eye 17, are disengaged by the carriage being shifted towards them into end position, whereby the lugs 12, 13, 14 of legs 8, 9 enter the recesses 15, 16, 17 of support 11. By depressing slide 19, the locking members 18,19 are disengaged. The support 11 of pulley 10 now positively rests again on its abutment 5 and takes part in the motion of the carriage 1.

Shifting the paper roller The paper roller 30 or platen is supported in a frame which has'fla'teral end plates 31 on each end of the roller which are rigidly interconnected by the rail 32 and the cross plate 33. B means of rocking levers 34 arranged on hot ends of the frame the latter is hinged to the cheeks 1 of the carriage 1.

The type levers 60 carry types 61 of different writing direction, as mentioned above, said types being in a vertical superimposed position when the type levers are in printing position. The types of the one or other system of characters come to print according to whgther the paper roller 30 is raised or lowere If, as assumed in the following, the lowermost row of types has small Roman charac ters, the next row Roman capitals, the third row small characters of the opposite writing direction and the uppermost row has the corres onding capitals, the paper roller has to be rought into four levels relatively to the machine frame and to the type lever basket fixed therein. Each level of the paper roller must have allotted to it a determined direction of the feed motion of the paper roller and therewith a determined direction of the pull exerted by the carriage feed spring. In the case assumed for the lower pair of type rows this motion must be directed from right to left, as required for Roman characters,

and for the upper pair of type rows from left to right. Now the above-described change of fixation of the pulley support 11 is caused to depend on said vertical shift of the paper roller in such a way that if paper roller 30 assumes one of its lower positions and is shifted into its right-hand end position, at the end of this motion, slide 19 is depressed and prevented from raising, as long as eye 17 of support 11 is in engaging posltion, that means above edge 18 of "slide. 19. To this-end a lug is provided on the roller frame, in the embodiment shown a presser piece 36. This presser piece has an inclined lower end of the shape as illustrated, Figs. 1 and 2, and is rigidly fixed on thecross plate 33 by, but vertically shiftable on, arms 38 and 39. Under the action of an initially tensioned-spring 40, the piece 36 is normally being greater than that of spring 24 of slide 19. On the other hand, spring 40 of pressed piece 36 is so tuned that it is unable to lift the pa er roller 30 and its frame. The position 0 piece 36 relatively to the roller frame is so chosen that when at the end of the moheld in its lowermost position, this tension sition of paper roller 30, somewhat relaxes but continues to depress the slide 19 under the action of the weight of paper roller 30, so that edge 18 is not able to engage eye 17,

even not, if the hole of eye 17 lies exactly above edge 18. The piece 36 together with the spring 40 constitutes the means for compensating for the influence of the companion level difference on the lug.

Reversing'the feed controlling mechanism of the cawz'age using one and the same controlling means struction and indicated in the figures only and without reversing the direction of rotation of the actuating wheel.

' The elements shown in Figs. 11 and 12 and refound in Figs. 1 to 10 are denoted by the same reference numbers. The feed controlling mechanism as used is of the usual conby the controlling wheel 43, that always rotates in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 11.

The feed controlling mechanism acts up-,

on the carriage through the intermediary of a pinion44. This is adapted to be brought into mesh selectively either with a lower or an upper rack bar 45, 46 res ectively. These rack bars are interconnecte at their ends by cross pieces 47 and thus form a rigid frame which is joined to the carriage 1 by several pin and slot connections 48, 49 as to shift vertically thereon. If frame 45, 46, 47 assumes upper position, pinion 44 engages the lower rack bar 45 whilst the upper rack bar 46 is engaged by it with said frame in lower position. The rack bars 45, 46 thus engage pinion 44 in diametrically opposite points. If the lower rack bar 45 is engaged, thus the carriage 1 executes its stepwise feed motion towards the left, and, inversely, if'rack bar 46 is engaged, it is fed toward the right, in

spite of the feed controlling mechanism rotating mom of these directions only.

Like the locking and releasing of the pulley 10, as described, the shifting of the rack bar frame of the feed controlling mechanism takes place in dependence of the different levels the paper roller frame may assume. Fig. 11 shows-the left-hand end of the parts in consideration of the machine in elevation,

Fig. 12 is the corresponding end view. The

dependence of the position of the rack bars 45, 46 from the adjustment in elevation of the paper roller, 30 is established by means of angle levers 50 ivoted on the lower ends of a the cheeks 1' o carriage l. The cheeks 1 have hinged to them at the same time the paper roller and its frame by means of rocking levers '34 and are -r1 idly connected to.

as described.

cheeks 31 and paper roller 30 may be shifted approximately vertically relatively to the carriage 1, rack bars 45, 46 and roller frame. Hence, if the level of the paper roller 30 is altered, the cheeks 31 of its frame are displaced vertically relatively to the cheeks 1 of carriage 1 and therewith also relatively to the angle levers hinged to said cheeks 31.

One arm of the angle levers 50 carries a pin 52 which engages a curved slot 53 provided in each cheek 31 of the roller frame. The ends of the other arms of the angle levers 50 engage by slots pins 54 mounted on the cross pieces 47 that connect the rack bars 45, 46,

The curved slots 53, Fig. 12, consist of three sections. Their lower and upper sections extend rectilinearly and in parallel with the raising direction of the paper roller and are joined by the inclined middle section.

If the paper roller and its frame assume their lower-most or initial position, the curved slot 53 is in the position as shown in Fig. 12. If now the paper roller is raised to its next higher position for printing capitals, point 55, Fig. 12, of the curve 53, that is the passage to theinclined slot section, moves into the centre of pin 52, no influence thus being exerted etupon the angle lever 50 by this raise of the paper roller. If, however, the paper roller is lifted further so as to arrive in the range of the pair of rows of the other characters, point 56 moves into the centre of pin 52. Consequently pin 52 is urged to the eft, Fig. 12, and the vertical arm of angle lever 50 rocks about its pin on the check 1. Asthe other arm of lever 50 partakes of this rocking motion, it lowers the rack bars 45, 46 by means of pin 54 to such an extent that now the upper rack bar 46 engages pinion 44. If, further, the paper roller ,is raised still to print capitals of the second system, point 57 now moves into the centre of pin 52, the position of levers 50 and thus of rack bars 45, 46 remaining unaltered.

As will be seen from the foregoing, the rack bars 46, 46 of the carriage feed controlling mechanism are positively adjusted in dependance on the vertical adjustment of the paper roller by means of slot 53 and angle lever 50 in such a manner that the paper roller is fed stepwise from right to left as long as the two lower rows of characters are to be printed, and that if the paper roller is adjusted for the two upper rows of characters the inverse stepwi e feed motion takes place.

As it is further to be seen,the means for reversing the carriage feed controlling mechanism described .act in the same sense and at the same tune as the means for reversing the pull exerted on the carriage, that changing the rack bar on the adjustment of the paper roller, and due to the mutual dethe characters just used to the other characters requiring the oppgsite writing direction becomes very '5' pie. After the desired position of the pape roller has been adjusted and the carriage has been shifted into the end position causing the change of fixation of pulley 10, no rther adjustment is required,'and the machine is ready for writing with the second system of characters.

As already mentioned, by arranging cer tain parts of the reversing mechanisms inversely and by local or kinematic inversions the conditions may be so altered in the machine built according to my invention that, in contradistinction to the supposition of the embodiment described, instead of the two lower rows of characters the two up er ones have allotted to them the writing direction from left to right, whilst for the two lower rows of characters the right to left-order is provided for and becomes so to say the normal writing direction. This may be obtained by V arranging the feed spring inversely so that it turns the spring casing or drum in the direction opposite to the arrow, Fig. 1', and by mounting the locking slide 19 on the opposite side of the machine. Of course then the action.of

the cord is to be wound up inversely and the support of the reversing pulley is to be arranged on the opposite side ofits abutment on arm 5. The carriage feed controlling mechanism and its efl'ect is brought into ac- "cordance by inversing the direction of rotation and of the teeth of pinion l opposite to the arrowof Fig. 11. The carriage feed controlling mechanism may further be caused to. operate" to inverse sense, if, as shown in Fig. 4, edge 18 of slide 19 does not enter the eye 17 of support 11 from below but from above. The presser iece 36 enga 'ng the upper face 41 of sli e 19 thenshifts edge 18 downward into eye 17, if the paper roller assumes its two lower positions, whilst, with the'embodiment. shown in Figs. 1 and 2, edge '18 enters eye 17 from below.

As lon as support 11 is held fast by the edge 18, t epull of the cord 4 acting on ul-: ley 11 ur s slide 19 against the mac 'ne frame an the friction prevailing between slide and machine frame is sufiicientto maintain slide 19 in its lower ipsition against spring 24 whic tends to raise it. For sake 0 security, however, the lower end of edge -18 could be provided with a somewhat pro ectin'grib acting like a hook,

endence of said two means, the passage from but automatically released if the other system of characters is to be made use of. The feed controlling mechanism could be brought into accordance therewith by a little alteration of one of its elements, for instance, by giving to the slots 53 of the cheeks 31 the inverse curvature.

Line spacing mechanism Figs. 13 to 16 show the line spacing mechanism as applied to the machine according "'jto\m invention; With one system-machines the ine feed manipulating lever is so arranged that it becomes operative if the paper roller is returned by it towards the right. In contradistinction thereto, in my novel mavchine one and the same line feed lever, as shown in the drawing, is always operative, no matter whether the paper roller is returned by it to the right or to the left.

The line spacing mechanism illustrated con.-

-sists of a line feed lever, 58 which when grasped by handle 59 and rocked from the position shown in Fig. 15 to the left, swings about point'61, as shown in full lines in Fig. 16,wh1lst, when rocked in opposite direction, it swings about point 60, as shown in dash and dotted lines in Fig. 16. In both cases the swing motion of the lever 58 causes lever 62, Fi roller iame 31 at 63 and carries a cross head 64, to be swung always in the same direction. Lever 62 transmits its motion to pawl 68 through the intermediary of rod 65 and lever 66 that rocks about the axle 67 of the paper roller. Pawl 68 engages the teeth of the ratchet wheel 69 rigid to the roller 31 and turns it together with the paper roller b an an ular amount corresponding to the esired line space each time lever 58 is manipulated. I

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1'. In a type writing machine having a plurality of type systems of opposite writing direct'ions: a machine frame, a paper roller carriage adapted to run thereon, a carriage feed mechanism comprising a sprin -actuated drum, a pull member'one end of w ich is attached to said drum and the other end of which is attached to the carriage, a removable pull member and remote from said drum, a pulley mounted on said support, said pull member leading over said pulley, a second abutment for said support arranged on the machine framehorizontally opposite to said first abutment, ,means for automatically at-" 13, which is hinged on the paper support laterally abutting on. said carriage at r a point beside the point'of attachment of said I a apted to urge said bolt into means for reversin directions: a machine frame, a paper roller carnage adapted to run thereon, a carriage feed mechanism comprising a spring-actuated drum, a pull member one end of whichis attached to said drum and the other end of WhlCh is attached to the carriage, a removable support laterally abutting on said carriageat a point beside the point of attachment of said pull member and remote from said drum, a f

pulley mounted on said support, said pull memberleading over said pulley, a second abutment for said support arranged on the machlne frame horizontally opposite to said first abutment, a bolt movably mounted on the machine frame, an inclined face on said bolt, a hook on said support adapted to co- 0 erate with said inclined face, and a spring t locking posi- 3. In a type writing machine having a pluroller on said carriage in different levels ac:

cording to the position of thetypes on said type carriers, a carriage feed mechanism comprising a source of power ada ted to move always in one direction, means fbr supplying this motion to said carriage to said feed motion in correspondence with t e required writing directlon and independence on the level the paper roller is adjusted in. i

4. In a type writing machine having a plurality of type systems of opposite writing directions: mounted thereon and carrying the types of the different systems in superimposed order, a paper roller carriage adapted to run on said frame, means for .adjusting said aper roller on said carriage in different leve s according to the position of the types on said type carriers, a carriage feed mechanism comprising a spring-actuated. drum, a pull member one end of which is attached to said drum and the other end of which is attached to the carriage, a removable support laterally abutting on said carriage at a point beside the point of attachment of said pull member and remote from said drum, a pulley mounted on said support, saidw pull member leading over said pulley, a second abutment for said support arranged on the machine frame horizontally 0 posite to said first abutment, a bolt mova y mounted on the machine frame, an inclined face on said bolt, a hook on said support adapted to co-operate with said inclined face, a spring adapted to urge said bolt into locking position, a lug on sai carriage adapted to shift said bolt into releasing position,

feed it, and 1 a machine frame, type carriers (1 mounted thereon and carrying the types of the different systems in supernnposed order, a paper roller carriage adapted to run on said rame, means for adjusting said paper roller on said carriage in different levels according to. the position of the types on said type carriers, a carriage feed mechanism comprising a spring-actuated drum, a pull member one end of which is attached to said drum and the other end of which is attached to the carriage, a removable support laterall abutting on said carriage at a point beside the point of attachment of said pull member and remote from said drum, a pulley mounted on said support, said pull member leading over said pulley, a second abutment for said support arranged on the machine frame hOIlzontally opposite to said first abutment, a bolt movably mounted on the machine frame. an inclined face on said bolt, a hook on said support adapted to co-operate with sa1d 1nclined face, a spring adapted to urge said bolt into locking osition, a lug on said carriage adapted to s ift said bolt in to releaslng position against the action of sald spring 1f the paper roller is at one of the two companion levels of one type system, and to leave said bolt unacted upon if the paper roller 1s at one of the other two companion levels, and means for compensating for the influence of the companion level difference on said lug.

6. In a type writing machine having aplurality of type systems of opposite wnting irections: a machine frame, type earners mounted thereon and carrying the types of the different systems in superimposed order, a paper roller carriage adapted to run on sald frame, means for adjusting said paper roller on said carriage in different levels according to the position of the types on said type carriers, a carriage feed mechanism comprising a spring-actuated drum, a pull member one end of which is attached to said drum and the other end of which is attached to the carriage, a removable support laterally abutting on .said carriage at a point beside the point of attachment of said pull member and remote from said drum, a pulley mounted on said support, said pull member leading over said pulley, a second abutment for said support arranged on the-machine frame horizontally opposite to said first abutment, a bolt movably mounted on the machine frame, an inclined face on said bolt, a hook on said support adapted to co-operate with said inclined face, a spring adapted to urge said bolt into locking position, a vertically shiftable lug mounted on said carriage and adapted to shift said-bolt into releasing position against the-action of said spring if the paper roller is 7. In a type writing machine having a plurality of type-systems of opposite writing directions: a machine frame, type carriers mounted thereon and carrying the types of the different systems in superimposed order, a paper roller carriage adapted to run on "said frame, means-for adjusting said paper roller on said carriage in different levels according to the position of the types on said type carriers, means for feeding said carriage selectively in the direction required by the writing direction used, a carriage feed controlling mechanism comprising .an escapement device adaptedto act always in the same direction of rotation, means interposed between said carriage and said escapement device for reversing the stepwise motion of said carriage in accordance with the writing" direction required and in dependence on the level imparted to said paper roller.

8. In a type writing machine having'a plu-' rality of type systems of opposite writing directions a machine frame, type carriers mounted thereon and carrying the types of the different systems in superimposed order, a paper roller carriage adapted to run on said frame, means for feeding said carriage selectively in the direction required by t e writing direction used, a carriage feed mechanism comprising an escapement device adapted to act always in the same direction of rotation, a pinion partaking in the stepwise motion caused by said device, a rack arranged at one side of said pinion, a second rack arranged diametrically opposite to said first named rack, said racks extending in parallel with the direction of the feed motion of the carriage and being adapted to alternately be in mesh with said pinion, means rigidlyintel-connecting said racks, a' connection between said racks and said carriage ada ted to admit a motionof said racks perpen icularly to its feed motion, a frame carrying said paper roller and adapted to be shifted vertically relatively to said carriage, and means for transmitting the shifting motion ofthe roller frame to said racks. I

, 9. In a type writing machine having a plurality of type systems of opposite writing directions: a machine frame, type carriers mounted thereon and carrying the t pes of the different systems in superim ose order, a paper roller carriage adapte to run on said frame, means for feeding said carriage selectively in the direction required by the.

writing direction used, a carriage feed mechanism comprlslng an escapement device adapted to act alwaysm the same direction wisemotion caused by said device, a rack arranged at one side of said pinion, a second rack arranged diametrically opposite to said first-named rack, said racks extending in parallel with the direction of the feed motion of the carriage and being adapted to alternately be in mesh with said pinion, means rigidly interconnecting said racks, a connection between said racks and said carriage adapted to admit a motion of said racks perpendicularly'to its feed motion, a frame carrying said paper roller and adapted to be shifted vertically relatively to said carriage, angle levers mounted on said carriage, one arm of each of them engaging said racks, a pin and curved slot connection between each of the other arms and the roller frame.

10. In a type writing machine having a lurality of type systems of opposite writing irections: a; machine frame, type carriers mounted thereon and carrying the types of the different systems in superimposed order, a paper roller carriage adapted to run on said frame, means for feeding said carriage selectively in the direction required by the writing direction used, a carriage feed mechanism comprising an escapement device adapted to act always-in the same direction of rotation, a pinion partaking in the stepwise motion caused by said device, a rack arranged at one side of said pinion, a second rack arranged diametrically opposite to said first-named rack, said racks extending in parallel with the direction of the feed motion of the carriageand being adapted to alrigidly interconnecting said racks, a connection between said racks and said carriage adapted to admit a motion of said racks perpendicularly to its feed motion, a frame carrlyling said paper roller and adapted to be s ifted vertically relatively to said carriage, angle levers mounted on said carriage, one arm of each of them engaging said racks, a pin and slot connection between each of the other arms and the roller frame, said slot having straight sections extending in parallel with the direction'of the adjusting motion imparted to the roller, the length of said straight sections corresponding to the range occupied by the two types, carried by each type carrier, of the different systems of types, and inclined sections connecting each two straight sections.

I 11. In a type writing mechanism having a plurality of type systems of opposite writwith said roller,

member adapted to rock it, said member being in the rocking range of both said arms of equal shape of said three-armed lever.

12. In a t pe writing mechanism having a plurality of type systems of opposite writing directions: a frame, a paper roller carriage adapted to run thereon, means for selectively feeding said carriage in one or opposite direction, a three-armed rocking lever mounted on said carriage and comprising two arms of equal shape and a handle lever arranged between them, a fulcrum for said' three-armed lever being arranged for each of said two equally shaped arms and located in a common plane extending in parallel a recess on each of end arms adapted to engage the res ective fulcrum and open at the s1de of said andle lever, a line spacing mechanism comprising a line s acin'g gear and a member adapted to roc it sald member being in the rocking ran e of both said arms of equal shape of said t reearmed lever.

In testimony signature.

BEN ZION GOLDENBERG.

whereof I have aflixed my 

